No-Fault / PIP Benefits Calculator
Only twelve states require no-fault Personal Injury Protection (PIP) coverage, and no two of them structure it the same way. Select your state and enter your numbers to see the general shape of your PIP benefit and whether your injury may clear the threshold to sue the at-fault driver.
How this calculator works
The calculator applies your state's PIP structure — its dollar cap (or split pools), medical and wage reimbursement percentages, and the type of threshold that lets you step outside no-fault and sue the at-fault driver — to the numbers you enter:
- Combined-pool states (Florida, New York, Massachusetts, Kentucky) pay medical and wage benefits from one shared cap.
- Split-pool states (Minnesota) keep medical and non-medical benefits in two separate caps that cannot cover each other's shortfall.
- Policy-dependent states (Michigan, New Jersey) let the driver choose their own PIP limit — this tool shows the range and explains what to check on your declarations page instead of guessing a number.
- Categorical thresholds (a fracture, permanent disfigurement, death) can't be evaluated from a dollar amount — the calculator lists them for you to check against your own diagnosis.
This tool doesn't know your actual policy limits, whether a required medical determination was made, or your state's rule for claims against an at-fault driver once PIP is exhausted. See our comparative negligence by state guide for how fault works once you clear the threshold, and the comparative fault calculator for what shared fault does to that separate claim.
Frequently Asked Questions
How accurate is this PIP calculator?
It applies each state's general PIP formula — the cap, the medical and wage reimbursement percentages, and the threshold to sue — to the numbers you enter. It cannot know your actual policy limits, whether a required medical determination was made, or how an adjuster will treat a specific bill. Several states (Michigan, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania's tort election) depend on a choice made at the policy level that this tool has no way to know, so it explains the range instead of guessing a number.
My state isn't listed. Why?
Only twelve states require PIP as part of a true no-fault system — one where PIP also restricts your right to sue the at-fault driver for pain and suffering unless you clear a threshold: Florida, Michigan, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Massachusetts, Kentucky, Minnesota, North Dakota, Kansas, Hawaii and Utah. A few other states, including Oregon, require PIP as a first-party add-on without any such threshold — full tort rights against the at-fault driver stay intact alongside it, so it isn't included here. Most remaining states are ordinary at-fault (tort) states, where the at-fault driver's liability insurance is the primary source of recovery from the start. See our guide to comparative negligence by state for how fault is assigned in those states instead.
Why do some states show a note instead of a dollar figure?
Because the real figure depends on a choice made when the policy was purchased, not on a fixed statutory amount this tool can compute. Michigan lets drivers choose their own PIP level (unlimited down to a $50,000 tier). New Jersey's PIP ranges from $15,000 on a Basic Policy to $250,000 on a Standard Policy. Pennsylvania's right to sue depends on a full-tort-versus-limited-tort election. Check your own declarations page for which applies to you.
What does "clearing the threshold" actually mean?
It means the injury is serious enough, under your state's specific rule, that you can step outside the no-fault system and sue the at-fault driver for pain and suffering — not just recover your PIP benefits. Some states use a dollar figure (your medical expenses exceeding a set amount), some use a list of injury categories (a fracture, permanent disfigurement, death), and some use both, where meeting either one is enough. This calculator flags which type your state uses and, where it's dollar-based, compares it to what you entered.
Does PIP pay even if I caused the accident?
Yes — that's the entire point of a no-fault system. PIP is first-party coverage: it pays from your own policy for your own injuries regardless of who caused the crash, up to the state's cap. Fault only becomes relevant if you clear the threshold and pursue a separate claim against the at-fault driver for damages PIP doesn't cover.
Can I sue my own insurer if they deny or underpay a PIP claim?
Potentially, yes — that's a dispute over your own contract with your insurer, a different claim from a lawsuit against the at-fault driver. Insurers in every no-fault state have specific claims-handling and payment-timeliness rules, and a wrongful denial or underpayment can itself be a claim. This calculator doesn't address that scenario directly; see our guide to insurance bad faith claims for how that theory works generally.