Suing a Federal Agent: What's Left of a Bivens Claim
A state trooper's excessive force is a Section 1983 claim. The identical conduct by an FBI or Border Patrol agent may now have no damages remedy at all.
Suing a city, county, state or public agency: the short administrative notice deadlines, immunity defenses and damages caps that apply.
26 guides spanning 10 claim types: Car Accidents Pedestrian & Bike Motorcycle Dog Bites Wrongful Death Premises Liability Mass Tort Claims Claims Process Wildfire Claims Police Misconduct
A state trooper's excessive force is a Section 1983 claim. The identical conduct by an FBI or Border Patrol agent may now have no damages remedy at all.
These aren't the same claim wearing two names — they arise at different moments, need different proof, and a 2022 Supreme Court case changed one of them.
A 1950 Supreme Court case bars active-duty troops from suing over military malpractice — even though their own spouse or child, hurt the same way, can.
Indiana bars recovery at 51% fault against a private driver, but against a government entity, any fault at all can end your claim.
A ship's owner tried to cap its liability at $43.7 million. Maryland alone later settled for $2.24 billion. Those are two completely different numbers.
Winning the excessive force argument doesn't automatically win the case — qualified immunity is a separate fight, and a growing number of states now limit it.
A real remedy for military malpractice, but not a lawsuit: no jury, a $750,000 cap on non-economic damages, and a combat-care exclusion.
Three current wildfire settlements use three payout structures — a bankruptcy trust paid partly in stock, annual tranches, and a litigation-waiver deal.
A downed power line or an unpruned tree branch can put a utility on the hook for a wildfire — sometimes without any proof of negligence at all.
Buses owe passengers a heightened duty of care, but who owns the bus decides your deadline — sometimes as short as 90 days.
Lights and sirens buy a privilege, not immunity — but the standard rises to recklessness and the deadline can be 90 days.
Suing the federal government follows different rules: an administrative claim, a two-year deadline, no jury, and exceptions that can bar the claim.
A police K9 bite can be a dog bite claim, an excessive force claim, or both — and qualified immunity can shield an officer even after force is ruled excessive.
Federal law preempts many claims against railroads outright. What survives preemption is narrower, and specific, and worth knowing precisely.
The deadline to file a new Camp Lejeune claim passed in August 2024. Here's what that actually means, and where the roughly 3,750 pending lawsuits stand now.
A pothole or gravel patch that's a minor annoyance for a car can total a motorcycle, and a government claim follows very different rules.
A fall on a public sidewalk, transit platform or government building follows different rules than a business claim — starting with a shorter deadline.
How Texas law shapes car accident claims: the 51% fault bar, PIP you may have rejected in writing, and municipal notice deadlines measured in weeks.
What bicycle accident claims settle for, who is at fault in dooring and right-hook crashes, helmet defense limits, and which insurance covers a cyclist.
How California law shapes car accident settlements: pure comparative negligence, the two-year deadline, and the Prop 213 trap for uninsured drivers.
Who is liable after an e-scooter or e-bike crash: rental waivers, rider versus driver fault, and why insurance for these rides is thinner than a car's.
How Georgia law shapes car accident settlements: the 50% comparative fault bar, apportionment among defendants, and the short deadlines for government claims.
How Illinois law shapes car accident settlements: the 50% fault bar, no damages cap, and the short one-year deadline for government claims.
New York eliminated one of nine serious injury categories and added a fault bar on pain-and-suffering damages, both for lawsuits filed from May 2026 on.
What pedestrian claims settle for, how crosswalk rules assign fault, why jaywalking rarely bars recovery, and why your auto policy follows you on foot.
Filing deadlines for injury claims in all 50 states, plus the rules that change them: the discovery rule, tolling, and short government deadlines.